COLUMN HEADINGS IN THE SPECIMEN DATA FILE The fileHummingbird_Specimen_Data_Input_12Dec2022serves three purposes. (1) It lists elevation and morphological data for each of 1558 specimens and field captures. (2) It provides information on the source of the data, for each specimen. (3) It serves as the input file for two analysis programs. Lines and column headings (italics), their meaning, and units: Line 1: Control parameters for analysis programs HummDataMeansExtractor and MeasurementErrorVariance.Column 1: Number of specimens (rows in the data matrix) (Integer)Column 2: Number of characters (data columns in the data matrix) (Integer)Column 3: Specimen sexes to be included:  1: both sexes, 2: males only, 3: females only (integer)The parameters in Columns 1 and 2 are invariant for all three variants of Column 3.Line 2:  Column headers for specimen data (Text):Genus Species (Subspecies): Taxonomic data transcribed from the museum specimen tag (with current name in parentheses, if changed) (Text)Sp Code:  (Species Code) A 7-letter, uppercase alphabetic code in the format GGGG SSS, e.g., PHTH GUY for Phaethornis guy.  These codes are universally unique in the table. (Text)Sp Num:  (Species Number) A numeric code for sorting in approximate phylogenetic order, per Peters (1945), with a 1:1 correspondence to Sp Code. This field is used by our analysis programs to identify conspecific specimens, disregarding subspecies, when relevant. (All rows must be sorted on this field to run the analysis programs HummDataMeansExtractor and MeasurementErrorVariance.) (Integer)Sex Code: Sex of the specimen, as indicated on the museum specimen tag: 1 = male, 2 = female, 3 = unknown (Integer)Elev:  Elevation above sea level (m) from the museum specimen tag (converted to m if in feet on the tag). (Integer)Wt:  Weight (g) from the museum specimen tag. (Real).  See the publication for details on usage of tag weights vs. published weights.Wing:  Wing chord (mm).  (Real)E. Culm:  Exposed culmen (mm).  (Real)T. Culm: Total culmen (mm).  (Real)Tar: Tarsometatarsus length (mm).  (Real)H. Claw:  Hallux claw chord (mm).  (Real)H. toe: Hallux toe chord (mm).  (Real)MTC: Middle-toe claw (mm). (Real)Museum Code or Source (Text): For individual birds netted, measured, and released in the field, the surname(s) of the data collector(s) plus �Field.� For museum specimens, the museum abbreviation and (when recorded) the specimen accession number from the museum specimen tag: CAS (California Academy of Sciences), CUMV (Cornell University Museum of Vertebrates), FMNH (Field Museum of Natural History), LSUMZ (Louisiana State U. Museum of Zoology), MVZ (Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, UC Berkeley), ROM (Royal Ontario Museum), UCONN (U. of Connecticut Biodiversity Research Collections), YPM (Yale Peabody Museum).Data Collector: The author who did the measurements. (Text): Robert Colwell, Alejandro Rico-Guevara, Gregor Yanega